MALT 1 protease: equilibrating immunity versus tolerance

MALT1 protease: equilibrating immunity versus tolerance.

MALT1 paracaspase links signaling cascades emanating from adaptive or innate immune receptors to the canonical NF-jB pathway. Now, Jaworski et al (2014) investigate the physiological role of MALT1 protease activity in mice. Besides the expected requirement of MALT1 activity for immune activation, the study unveils a novel function for MALT1 activity for the development of peripheral tolerance. ...

Dendritic cell apoptosis: regulation of tolerance versus immunity.

Dendritic cell (DC) apoptosis is an important event that regulates the balance between tolerance and immunity through multiple pathways, and defects in DC apoptosis can trigger autoimmunity. DC apoptosis is also associated with immunosuppression and has been observed under several pathologies and infections. Recent studies indicate that apoptotic DCs can also play an active role in induction of...

Treg: tolerance vs immunity

Regulatory T cells (Treg) are requisite for the prevention of autoimmunity, transplant rejection, and tolerance to therapeutic protein delivery. Dendritic cells (DCs) are crucial for FoxP3+ Treg homeostasis, and their expansion can increase Treg numbers. By contrast, Treg are a hindrance to anti-cancer therapy as they suppress immune responses to tumors. Interestingly, some of the same drugs an...

Impaired Humoral Immunity and Tolerance

B-Cell Development and Differentiation During HIV Infection: Tolerance Versus Immunity

Early after HIV infection, B-cell homeostasis is disrupted which results in autoantibody production and autoimmunity. The systemic inflammation induced during chronic HIV infection relaxes B-cell tolerance mechanisms that normally suppress this autoimmune pathology. Tolerance to self antigens is established during the development of B cells; however, rare, broadly neutralizing antibodies to HIV...